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　　工業廢水(shui)和(he)(he)生活(huo)污(wu)水(shui)的處(chu)理技術(shu)(shu)是什么，隨(sui)著我國環境問題的日益凸現，工業廢水(shui)和(he)(he)生活(huo)污(wu)水(shui)厭氧(yang)生物(wu)處(chu)理技術(shu)(shu)受(shou)到越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多關注。與好氧(yang)生物(wu)處(chu)理技術(shu)(shu)相比，厭氧(yang)生物(wu)處(chu)理技術(shu)(shu)具有占地面積小、污(wu)泥(ni)產率(lv)系數低(di)、運行費用少和(he)(he)可回收能源等(deng)優點。隨(sui)著第三代**厭氧(yang)反應(ying)器的發展，厭氧(yang)生物(wu)處(chu)理技術(shu)(shu)在廢水(shui)處(chu)理領域(yu)已(yi)經(jing)得到了廣泛應(ying)用，并取(qu)得了良好的應(ying)用效果。

　　工(gong)業廢(fei)水和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水的(de)(de)處(chu)理(li)技術是(shi)(shi)什么，一般來講(jiang)，厭(yan)氧(yang)(yang)反應(ying)(ying)(ying)器處(chu)理(li)高濃(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)有機廢(fei)水具有天然優勢，較(jiao)高的(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥濃(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)可以保證反應(ying)(ying)(ying)器在高容積(ji)負荷(he)(he)條(tiao)(tiao)件下穩定運行(xing)，高濃(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)有機物為微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物提(ti)供了充足的(de)(de)代(dai)謝基質，產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)大量甲(jia)烷氣體(ti)同時有利于(yu)(yu)促進系統內(nei)的(de)(de)傳(chuan)質作用。但對于(yu)(yu)處(chu)理(li)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)物濃(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)較(jiao)低(di)的(de)(de)城市生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水，厭(yan)氧(yang)(yang)反應(ying)(ying)(ying)器的(de)(de)容積(ji)負荷(he)(he)和(he)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥負荷(he)(he)均明顯(xian)(xian)降低(di)，在低(di)負荷(he)(he)條(tiao)(tiao)件下，厭(yan)氧(yang)(yang)反應(ying)(ying)(ying)器的(de)(de)運行(xing)特(te)征和(he)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物代(dai)謝特(te)性均可能(neng)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)較(jiao)大改變，如(ru)低(di)基質濃(nong)(nong)(nong)度(du)條(tiao)(tiao)件下顆(ke)粒污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥由于(yu)(yu)營養物質的(de)(de)匱乏是(shi)(shi)否(fou)會出現(xian)解體(ti)和(he)絮狀(zhuang)化，進而反應(ying)(ying)(ying)器對污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)物去(qu)除效率是(shi)(shi)否(fou)會明顯(xian)(xian)降低(di)等這(zhe)些不確定性，意(yi)味著實現(xian)厭(yan)氧(yang)(yang)反應(ying)(ying)(ying)器**率處(chu)理(li)城市生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水依然具有較(jiao)大的(de)(de)挑戰(zhan)性。

　　工業廢水(shui)和(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污水(shui)的(de)(de)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)技(ji)術是什么，采用自主研發的(de)(de)強化循(xun)環厭氧反應(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi) (SCAR) 處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)模擬城(cheng)市生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污水(shui)，在(zai)穩定的(de)(de)上升流速條(tiao)(tiao)件下(xia)，研究厭氧生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)城(cheng)市生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污水(shui)的(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)行(xing)性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)反應(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)運行(xing)特(te)性(xing)(xing)。 SCAR反應(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)在(zai)空間上將反應(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)分為主體反應(ying)(ying)區和(he)(he)精細反應(ying)(ying)區，并(bing)通(tong)過(guo)外循(xun)環作用改善反應(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)傳質(zhi)作用。本(ben)實(shi)驗考察了HRT對反應(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)效能的(de)(de)影響，探討反應(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)運行(xing)過(guo)程中顆粒污泥的(de)(de)粒徑分布、SMA和(he)(he)輔酶F420及EPS等污泥性(xing)(xing)狀的(de)(de)變化特(te)征，并(bing)借助(zhu)高通(tong)量測序技(ji)術分析反應(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)不同(tong)時空條(tiao)(tiao)件下(xia)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物菌群(qun)結構分布特(te)點及其演變過(guo)程。本(ben)實(shi)驗結果可(ke)(ke)為驗證厭氧生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)城(cheng)市生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污水(shui)的(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)行(xing)性(xing)(xing)提供依(yi)據，有利于拓展厭氧生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用領域，以(yi)期(qi)為城(cheng)市生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污水(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)帶來**、低能耗、低占地面(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)新(xin)途徑。